The pancreas is important to the human body because it produces decomposition of food, and such work can be absorbed by the body of digestive enzymes. In addition, the pancreas also produces hormones, including insulin, which is used to maintain the stability of blood glucose levels in the body.
Pancreatic cancer symptoms
In its early pancreatic cancer generally do not cause symptoms, so the diagnosis becomes more difficult things. Depending on the symptoms of pancreatic gland infection in the latter stage of the pancreas, because the pancreas has two types of network nodes. The first is to produce digestive enzymes called exocrine glands. Whether it is hormones, also known as endocrine gland secretion.
Exocrine glands are glands that are the most common symptoms of pancreatic cancer that generally appear jaundice, wasting, and back pain or abdominal pain.
In addition to some of the symptoms mentioned above, some other symptoms of pancreatic cancer include the following:
- diabetes
- Fever and chills
- itchy
- Simple blood clots
- Nausea and vomiting
- indigestion
- Defecation habits change
- Loss of appetite
- fever
Until now the cause of pancreatic cancer alone is not clear, but there are some risk factors will increase the chance of suffering from pancreatic cancer is as follows.
Diabetes can increase the risk of a person's pancreatic cancer. In contrast, malignancy, growth in the pancreas can also be the cause of diabetes. This causes the stomach to infect Helicobacter pylori is expected to slightly increase the risk of human pancreatic cancer.
Smoking can increase the risk of toxic and dangerous chemicals that infect pancreatic cancer that can cause the body to be stimulated and inflamed in tissues and organs.
Aged over 75 years old.
People who do not do a lot of physical activity, overweight or obese, rather than be familiar with healthy eating.
There was inflammation of the pancreas or pancreatitis.
Who had pancreatic cancer suffered intimate family members?
In addition to the risk factors, as mentioned above, there are other risk factors that can increase the risk of cancer in the pancreas, which is the risk of chronic hepatitis among many people who are overdrives and patients.
The significance of a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer
Pancreatic cancer in the early diagnosis is difficult to do because often does not cause the patient's symptoms. Physical examination of pancreatic cancer is difficult to do because the pancreas is fairly hidden in the body and part of the surrounding bowel.
Here are some tests that can be done to diagnose pancreatic cancer:
Imaging tests were performed in vivo, such as ultrasound scanning, CT, MRI and PET scans. In addition, endovascular ultrasound (EUS) is also possible if CT scans or MRI scans have been made unclear. An endoscope or a small camera is inserted into the stomach through the mouth to take a picture of the pancreas.
In the abdominal laparoscopic surgery or "keyhole" includes a small microscope called laparoscopy, looking at the abdomen and hips inside the organs.
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is very similar to EUS, which is treated by mouth and into the gastric endoscope. But in the ERCP endoscope process is used to inject a special dye into the pancreatic duct and bile to determine the presence of nasal tumors. If a person suffers from jaundice this test is.
A biopsy or sampling treatment of suspected tumor cells under a microscope. Installed in endoscopic small equipment can be used in laparoscopic surgery, ERCP or EUS perform a biopsy.
The stage of cancer is divided into four levels or commonly known as stadiums. The doctor will undergo a classification to diagnose the stage of cancer that has made progress. Here are the stages of pancreatic cancer classification:
- If cancer is found only in the pancreas and does not spread to other parts, it is called stage I.
- If cancer cells have spread to tissues and organs near the pancreas or may have been infected with glands, called the second stage.
- If cancer cells have spread to more large blood vessels around the pancreas, there may be infected lymph nodes, known as the third stage.
- If cancer has spread extensively to other organs of the body such as the lungs, liver and peritoneum or membrane, its line of an abdominal cavity, called stage IV.
In the treatment of pancreatic cancer in each patient, because there are several factors that determine the type of treatment that follows:
- Infected part of pancreatic cancer.
- Cancer or stage experience is widely disseminated.
- The age of the patient.
- The overall health of the patient.
- Option or preferential treatment of patients.
Cancer treatment or healing process will become more difficult if it appears in large or body tumors have spread. Discuss with your doctor and family, choose the type of treatment that is appropriate for the type you are experiencing. There are several types of treatments that can be done to cope with pancreatic cancer.
Surgery
Pancreatic cancer treatment, most people do the type of surgery, because it can treat pancreatic cancer until fully recovered. However, not all patients with pancreatic cancer are surgically treated only in 5 cases of tumors suitable for surgery.
There are several factors that can determine the surgical tumor, as well as other successes:
- The tumor has not spread to other parts of the body.
- The tumor did not grow up and was important around the blood vessels.
- The patient is healthy as a whole.
Surgery is the most widely used Whipple operation, which is the appointment of the pancreatic head. In this operation, the doctor can also specify the small intestine, gallbladder, bile duct, and sometimes the first part of the stomach. Approximately 30% of patients who have moved the surgery Whipple need drugs to help digest the food. This operation has a faster recovery time with total pancreatic surgery.
The whole pancreatectomy was used to remove the entire pancreas. In addition, these operations also increase the spleen, bile duct, part of the small intestine, gallbladder, lymph nodes around the pancreas, and sometimes some of the stomach. Patients who have been doing this operation should take enzymes to help digest food. The appointment of the pancreas to produce insulin will make diabetes, as well as patients. In addition, the patient must take antibiotic penicillin life and conventional vaccines to prevent infection and blood clot spleen appointment results.
Pancreatic tail resection of the pancreas was removed from the part of the tail, but the pancreatic head. These operations also suggest that the stomach, part of the colon, the left kidney, part of the left adrenal gland, and possibly the left side of the vibrating plate will be lifted.
If you can not cure, surgery to relieve symptoms, make patients more comfortable to do. The operation was performed using ERCP placed in the bile duct stent or tube opening to prevent bilirubin accumulation caused by jaundice. If the stent is not suitable for patients can do bypass surgery to prevent bile duct. Bile duct obstruction cuts the tip to guide the bile to re-connect to the intestine.
Pancreatic cancer must be considered during postoperative recovery because it takes a long time. The following should be in the process of postoperative recovery of pancreatic cancer need to consider a few things:
- Ensure proper pain relief and adequate dose after surgery.
- The patient cannot eat or drink immediately after surgery because the digestive system such as the intestine takes time to recover.
- Before a patient can eat, more often drink, the patient will slowly inhale the liquid.
- Surgery is usually recommended for six months after chemotherapy. This is a very significant impact on the probability of recovering the patient.
Chemotherapy
In order to eliminate malignant cancer cells in the body or prevent its growth, patients can make chemotherapy drugs anti-cancer. Before or after surgery, or if surgery is not possible. Chemotherapy has two forms, which are used directly and intravenously.
Chemotherapy has many side effects because it can attack healthy cells and normal. Possible side effects include diarrhea, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting. In addition, chemotherapy can also increase the risk of infection. Side effects of patients experiencing chemotherapy results are usually temporary because the treatment is complete and will recede as well.
The risk of side effects increases when patients receive chemotherapy combined with treatment, but this can increase the likelihood of controlling or reducing cancer.
Radiotherapy
To help reduce the tumor and relieve pain, the patient can make a cancer treatment using a high-energy beam called radiotherapy radiation. For patients who can not undergo surgery for cancer, the doctor usually recommends combining chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
However, this treatment has almost no side effects, such as loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, diarrhea, and rash. Side effects experienced by patients with radiotherapy are usually only temporary results, as the treatment is completed and will recede as well.
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